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• Architects and Architecture

  … 1859 when "John Brown":http://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/668 attempted to seize it. His so-called ‘‘fort,’’ the brick fire-engine house where he was captured, has been moved and rebuilt no fewer than four times, testament to its status as a …

• Serpent Handling

  … , one may observe not only preaching, praying aloud together on one’s knees, dancing and singing but also serpent handling, fire dancing, speaking in tongues, the laying on of hands for healing, testimonies, and at times, poison drinking and foot washing. …

• Shannondale Springs

  A former health spa at mineral springs on the Shenandoah River approximately five miles from Charles Town, Shannondale Springs resort opened in the summer of 1820. A hotel was constructed the same year. The resort was incorporated in 1838 under a new …

• Sam Shaw

  … s first direct-dial telephones and the first two-way radios in police cruisers and taxis. In the 1950s, the city installed an electric fire alarm system. At the unveiling ceremony, it failed to work. Shaw looked at the alarm unit, identified its need of a …

• Atheneum Prison

  The Atheneum, Wheeling’s "Civil War":http://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1193 military prison, located at the southeast corner of 16th (then John) and Market streets, was a four-story structure built in 1853–54 as a warehouse for the Crescent …

• The Hatfield-McCoy Feud

  … of January 1, 1888, when Hatfields led by Devil Anse’s uncle, "Jim Vance":http://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/856, set fire to the family’s Pike County cabin. Calvin and Alifair, Randolph McCoy’s grown children, were killed, and their mother, …

• Aviation

  … of marijuana plummeted over a hillside at Kanawha Airport. Hundreds of bales of marijuana spewed from the plane before it caught fire. Onlookers looted the marijuana, and law enforcement officials struggled for days to dispose of it all. Nine people were …

• Harry Hill Bandholtz

  … disarmed the combatants at the "Battle of Blair Mountain":http://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/532. Without firing a shot, Bandholtz effectively ended the Mine Wars. Bandholtz expressed disgust that West Virginia state and local government had …

• Henry Clay Furnace

  … was ‘‘charged’’ or filled with alternating layers of charcoal, iron ore, and limestone until entirely full. At this point it was fired and brought up to temperature slowly. After about eight hours the furnace was ready to be tapped. First the slag, which …

• Annie Latham Bartlett

  … Depression era survey of Appalachian arts and crafts. Eaton noted that Bartlett had developed a process to harden clay without firing it, then painted and varnished her pieces to give the appearance of majolica or colored porcelain. Bartlett was also a …

• Shenandoah Bloomery

  … and had to be hammered to eliminate these impurities. Bloomery production was limited, less than 100 pounds of iron per firing. A bloomery was most frequently used in frontier situations, meeting local needs until more established blast furnace and forge …

• Hog Butchering

  … weather permitted, usually around Thanksgiving. Butchering day started before daylight with heating the water in iron kettles over an outside fire. Soon the neighbor men arrived to help. When the water was boiling hot, the best sharpshooter in the group …

• Louis Bennett Jr.

  … and Sallie Maxwell Bennett. Bennett died in France of injuries sustained when his plane was shot down by German anti-aircraft fire. With 12 combat kills, including three aircraft and nine balloons, Bennett placed himself ninth on the World War I roster of …

• Benwood Mine Disaster

  … were blocked by slate falls and debris. Two fire bosses had reported the mine free of … Thinking the fall had been examined by the fire boss he went over the fall toward … In all probability the fall occurred after the fire boss had visited the area. The …

• Hopemont Sanitarium (now Hospital)

  … year-round, though superintendent E. E. Clovis said it was ‘‘difficult to keep the patients from the bright and cheerful fire’’ in winter. Patients were not forced into sanitariums. Rather, they came to Hopemont by choice, often after infecting their …

• Harold Houston

  … the Paint Creek-Cabin Creek strike. After the treason trial, "John L. Lewis":http://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1366 fired Houston as union counsel and also dismissed the radical leaders of District 17. In 1931, Houston aided "C. Frank …

• Soils of West Virginia

  … are no longer present. Logging practices around 1900 and wild fires with the ensuing erosion reduced the surface layer thickness … find virgin soil in West Virginia because of logging, mining, fire, flooding, and construction of roads, airports, houses, and …

• Sorghum Molasses

  … are stripped, and the green sap is pressed from the stalks and run into evaporator pans. The pans are traditionally wood-fired on mountain farms. As moisture evaporates, the sap thickens and becomes sorghum molasses syrup. The process must be carefully …

• Spruce Knob

  … red spruce growing in a foot-thick layer of humus soil. Early settlers burned the original forest for pasture. Subsequent timbering and severe fires burned the rich soil and denuded the forest. In 1921, Spruce Knob was acquired by the U.S. Forest Service. …

• Battle of Stanaford

  … The miners were ambushed the next morning when they arose. Shots were fired into G. W. Jackson’s home, where he, his wife, four small children, and eight miners were sleeping. When the firing ceased, there were three dead men in Jackson’s house; one …

• Blue Sulphur Springs

  Blue Sulphur Springs, located in "Greenbrier County":http://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/2168 near Smoot, was the site of a "mineral spring":http://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1802 resort from 1834 until 1858, one of many in the …

• Stonecoal Lake

  … -acre Stonecoal Lake Wildlife Management Area. The lake was built in 1972 to provide water to the Allegheny Energy’s coal-fired power plant in Harrison County. The lake is well-known for its fishing, with smallmouth bass, muskellunge, walleye, crappie, …

• Boone County

  Boone County was formed March 11, 1847, from parts of Logan, Kanawha, and Cabell counties by an act of the Virginia legislature. It is located in the southern coalfields of West Virginia. It has an area of 503.2 square miles. "Madison":http:// …

• Streams

  … needs of industrial giants on the Kanawha and Ohio. Water pumped from rivers and reservoirs is used to generate steam in coal-fired power plants, and the power of rivers is directly harnessed in hydroelectric facilities on the Cheat and other rivers. West …

• Alexander Robinson Boteler

  … enslaved people at Fountain Rock had escaped earlier in the war when Union troops first seized control of the area. The fire destroyed much of Boteler's library, early historic images, and several paintings by portrait artist Charles Willson Peale, Boteler …